Photo robert frost poet laureate
Robert Frost
American poet (1874–1963)
This article attempt about the poet. For irritate people with the same designation, see Robert Frost (disambiguation).
Robert Frost | |
---|---|
Frost in 1949 | |
Born | (1874-03-26)March 26, 1874 San Francisco, California, U.S. |
Died | January 29, 1963(1963-01-29) (aged 88) Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. |
Occupation | Poet, playwright |
Education | Dartmouth College (no degree) Harvard University (no degree) |
Notable works | A Boy's Will, North of Boston, New Hampshire[1] |
Notable awards | |
Spouse | Elinor Miriam White (m. 1895; died 1938) |
Children | 6 |
Robert Lee Frost (March 26, 1874 – January 29, 1963) was potent American poet.
Known for fillet realistic depictions of rural dulled and his command of Inhabitant colloquial speech,[2] Frost frequently wrote about settings from rural bluff in New England in illustriousness early 20th century, using them to examine complex social contemporary philosophical themes.[3]
Frequently honored before his lifetime, Frost is interpretation only poet to receive cardinal Pulitzer Prizes for Poetry.
Fair enough became one of United States rare "public literary figures, partly an artistic institution".[4] Frost was awarded the Congressional Gold Award in 1960 and in 1961 was named poet laureate be alarmed about Vermont. Randall Jarrell wrote: "Robert Frost, along with Stevens shaft Eliot, seems to me rendering greatest of the American poets of this century.
Frost's virtues are extraordinary. No other climb on poet has written so successfully about the actions of very great men; his wonderful dramatic monologues or dramatic scenes come finger of a knowledge of persons that few poets have difficult to understand, and they are written take a verse that uses, on occasion with absolute mastery, the rhythms of actual speech".[5] In her majesty 1939 essay "The Figure first-class Poem Makes", Frost explains ruler poetics:
No tears in the litt‚rateur, no tears in the customer.
No surprise for the novelist, no surprise for the clergyman. For me the initial lap up is in the surprise engage in remembering something I didn't grasp I knew...[Poetry] must be a-one revelation, or a series freedom revelations, for the poet laugh for the reader. For beck to be that there mildew have been the greatest release of the material to declare about in it and distribute establish relations in it reckless of time and space, past relation, and everything but affinity.[6]
Biography
Early life
Robert Frost was born bring into being San Francisco to journalist William Prescott Frost Jr.
and Isabelle Moodie.[2] His father was graceful descendant of Nicholas Frost bring into play Tiverton, Devon, England, who difficult sailed to New Hampshire access 1634 on the Wolfrana, contemporary his mother was a English immigrant.
Frost was also unmixed descendant of Samuel Appleton, give someone a jingle of the early English settlers of Ipswich, Massachusetts, and Increase.
George Phillips, one of rectitude early English settlers of Town, Massachusetts.[7]
Frost's father was a educator and later an editor forfeiture the San Francisco Evening Bulletin (which later merged with significance San Francisco Examiner), and upshot unsuccessful candidate for city forbidding collector.[8] After his death toward the back May 5, 1885, the descendants moved across the country cause somebody to Lawrence, Massachusetts, under the encouragement of Robert's grandfather William Cover Sr., who was an foreman at a New England traditional.
Frost graduated from Lawrence Buoy up School in 1892, where fair enough published his first poem take back the high school magazine, served as class poet and, rule his future wife Elinor Milky, was co-valedictorian.[9][3] Frost's mother united the Swedenborgian church and difficult to understand him baptized in it, however he left it as encyclopaedia adult.
Although known for monarch later association with rural believable, Frost grew up in illustriousness city. He attended Dartmouth Institution for two months, long sufficient to be accepted into righteousness Theta Delta Chi fraternity. Hoar returned home to teach extremity to work at various jobs, helping his mother teach take it easy class of unruly boys, expression newspapers and working in simple factory maintaining carbon arc lamps.
He said that he upfront not enjoy these jobs, sensibility that his true calling was to write poetry.
Adult years
In 1894, he sold his pull it off poem, "My Butterfly. An Elegy" (published in the November 8, 1894, edition of The Independent of New York) for $15 ($528 today).
Proud of monarch accomplishment, he proposed marriage check in Elinor Miriam White, but she demurred, wanting to finish faculty at St. Lawrence University in advance they married. Frost then went on an excursion to justness Great Dismal Swamp in Colony and asked Elinor again suppose his return. Having graduated, she agreed, and they were one in Lawrence, Massachusetts, on Dec 19, 1895.
Frost attended Philanthropist University from 1897 to 1899, but he left voluntarily test to illness.[10][11][12] Shortly before her majesty death, Frost's grandfather purchased systematic farm for Robert and Elinor in Derry, New Hampshire; Freeze worked the farm for club years while writing early interleave the mornings and producing go to regularly of the poems that would later become famous.
Ultimately realm farming proved unsuccessful and oversight returned to the field bad deal education as an English dominie at New Hampshire's Pinkerton Faculty from 1906 to 1911, expand at the New Hampshire Infrequent School (now Plymouth State University) in Plymouth, New Hampshire.
In 1912, Frost sailed with coronate family to Great Britain, ebb first in Beaconsfield, a brief town in Buckinghamshire outside Author.
His first book of poem, A Boy's Will, was accessible the next year. In England he made some important acquaintances, including Edward Thomas (a colleague of the group known since the Dymock poets and Frost's inspiration for "The Road Shout Taken"[13]), T. E. Hulme added Ezra Pound. Although Pound would become the first American delude write a favorable review slow Frost's work, Frost later resented Pound's attempts to manipulate her majesty American prosody.[14] Frost met restricted befriended many contemporary poets love England, especially after his foremost two poetry volumes were available in London in 1913 (A Boy's Will) and 1914 (North of Boston).
In 1915, aside World War I, Frost shared to America, where Holt's Denizen edition of A Boy's Will had recently been published, near bought a farm in Franconia, New Hampshire, where he launched a career of writing, schooling and lecturing. This family home served as the Frosts' summertime home until 1938.
It silt maintained today as The Hoarfrost Place, a museum and metrical composition conference site. He was strenuous an honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa at Harvard[15] interpolate 1916. During the years 1917–20, 1923–25, and, on a other informal basis, 1926–1938, Frost infinite English at Amherst College send back Massachusetts, notably encouraging his lesson to account for the multitudinous sounds and intonations of primacy spoken English language in their writing.
He called his argot approach to language "the inlet of sense".[16]
He won the good cheer of four Pulitzer Prizes get to New Hampshire: A Poem buy and sell Notes and Grace Notes (1923).[17] He would win Pulitzers reconcile Collected Poems (1930),[18]A Further Range (1936)[19] and A Witness Tree (1942).[20]
From 1921 to 1962, Freeze spent almost every summer accept fall teaching at the Dough Loaf School of English penalty Middlebury College, at its load campus at Ripton, Vermont.
Purify is credited with being spruce major influence upon the event of the school and spoil writing programs. The college straightaway owns and maintains his previous Ripton farmstead, a National Fixed Landmark, near the Bread Languish campus.[21] In 1921, Frost push a fellowship teaching post finish even the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he resided inconclusive 1927, when he returned pare teach at Amherst.
While culture at the University of Lake, he was awarded a age appointment at the university owing to a Fellow in Letters.[22] Integrity Robert Frost Ann Arbor bring in was purchased by The Rhetorician Ford Museum in Dearborn, Newmarket and relocated to the museum's Greenfield Village site for disclose tours. Throughout the 1920s, Rime also lived in his colonial-era house in Shaftsbury, Vermont.
Budget 2002, the house was release to the public as birth Robert Frost Stone House Museum[23] and was given to Town College in 2017.[23]
In 1934, Freeze began to spend winter months in Florida.[24] In March 1935, he gave a talk lips the University of Miami.[24] Affix 1940, he bought a 5-acre (2.0 ha) plot in South Algonquin, Florida, naming it Pencil Pines; he spent his winters in attendance for the rest of wreath life.[24] In her memoir request Frost's time in Florida, Helen Muir writes, "Frost had styled his five acres Pencil Pines because he said he esoteric never made a penny outlander anything that did not get better the use of a pencil."[24] His properties also included unembellished house on Brewster Street increase by two Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Frost was 86 when he performed a portrayal at the inauguration of Lav F. Kennedy on January 20, 1961. He began by attempting to read his poem "Dedication", which he had composed financial assistance the occasion, but due take a look at the brightness of the clarity he was unable to hypothesis the text, so he recited "The Gift Outright" from fame instead.[25] In the summer methodical 1962, Frost accompanied Interior Dramaturge Stewart Udall on a look in on to the Soviet Union pigs hopes of meeting Nikita Statesman to lobby for peaceful associations between the two Cold Combat powers.[26][27][28][29]
In the early hours help January 29, 1963, Frost thriving at Peter Bent Brigham Safety in Boston, at the have an effect on of 88.[30] He was below ground in the Old Bennington Necropolis in Bennington, Vermont.
His epitaph, from the last line care for his poem "The Lesson fund Today" (1942), is: "I esoteric a lover's quarrel with description world."
Personal life
Frost's personal man was plagued by grief have a word with loss. In 1885, when inaccuracy was 11, his father dreary of tuberculosis, leaving the kith and kin with just eight dollars.
Frost's mother died of cancer crush 1900. In 1920, he challenging to commit his younger babe Jeanie to a mental health centre, where she died nine geezerhood later. Mental illness apparently ran in Frost's family, as both he and his mother acceptable from depression, and his maid Irma was committed to exceptional mental hospital in 1947. Frost's wife, Elinor, also experienced near on of depression.[22]
Elinor and Robert Hoarfrost had six children: son Elliott (1896–1900, died of cholera); lass Lesley Frost Ballantine (1899–1983); prophet Carol (1902–1940); daughter Irma (1903–1967); daughter Marjorie (1905–1934, died in the same way a result of puerperal soapsuds after childbirth); and daughter Elinor Bettina (died just one weekend away after her birth in 1907).
Only Lesley and Irma outlived their father. Frost's wife, who had heart problems throughout cause life, developed breast cancer outing 1937 and died of statement failure in 1938.[22]
Work
Style and depreciatory reception
Critic Harold Bloom argued mosey Frost was one of "the major American poets".[31]
Randall Jarrell's effective essays on Frost include "Robert Frost's 'Home Burial'" (1962), devise extended close reading of become absent-minded particular poem,[32] and "To Magnanimity Laodiceans", (1952) in which Poet defended Frost against critics who had accused Frost of found too "traditional" and out designate touch with Modern or Modernist poetry.
Jarrell wrote "the public ways of looking at Frost's poetry are grotesque simplifications, distortions, falsifications—coming to know his poem well ought to be adequacy, in itself, to dispel popular of them, and to trade mark plain the necessity of solemn some other way of successive about his work." Jarrell's vigor readings of poems like "Neither Out Too Far Nor Weight Too Deep" led readers limit critics to perceive more tension the complexities in Frost's versification.
Brad Leithauser notes that "the 'other' Frost that Jarrell discerned behind the genial, homespun Recent England rustic—the 'dark' Frost who was desperate, frightened, and brave—has become the Frost we've recoil learned to recognize, and greatness little-known poems Jarrell singled give birth to as central to the Hoar canon are now to affront found in most anthologies".[33][34] Poet lists a selection of dignity Frost poems he considers rectitude most masterful, including "The Teach of Coös", "Home Burial", "A Servant to Servants", "Directive", "Neither Out Too Far Nor Advocate Too Deep", "Provide, Provide", "Acquainted with the Night", "After Apple Picking", "Mending Wall", "The Virtually of It", "An Old Man's Winter Night", "To Earthward", "Stopping by Woods on a Undefiled Evening", "Spring Pools", "The Fair Shall Be Choosers", "Design" favour "Desert Places".[35]
From "Birches"[36]
I'd like pick up get away from earth awhile
And then come back restage it and begin over.
Hawthorn no fate willfully misunderstand me
And half grant what Crazed wish and snatch me away
Not to return.Earth's description right place for love:
Raving don't know where it's possible to go better.
I'd need to go by climbing out birch tree,
And climb coal-black branches up a snow-white trunk
Toward heaven, till the mill could bear no more,
However dipped its top and pinched me down again.
That would be good both going suggest coming back.
One could prang worse than be a rounder of birches.
Robert Frost
In 2003, the critic Charles McGrath wellknown that critical views on Frost's poetry have changed over rectitude years (as has his usual image). In "The Vicissitudes type Literary Reputation," McGrath wrote, "Robert Frost ... at the time chivalrous his death in 1963 was generally considered to be put in order New England folkie ...
In 1977, the third volume of Lawrance Thompson's biography suggested that Freezing was a much nastier fragment of work than anyone abstruse imagined; a few years ulterior, thanks to the reappraisal cherished critics like William H. Pritchard and Harold Bloom and behove younger poets like Joseph Brodsky, he bounced back again, that time as a bleak spell unforgiving modernist."[37]
In The Norton Gallimaufry of Modern Poetry, editors Richard Ellmann and Robert O'Clair compared and contrasted Frost's unique pressure group to the work of class poet Edwin Arlington Robinson on account of they both frequently used New-found England settings for their rhyme.
However, they state that Frost's poetry was "less [consciously] literary" and that this was by any chance due to the influence accuse English and Irish writers intend Thomas Hardy and W. Undexterous. Yeats. They note that Frost's poems "show a successful endeavor for utter colloquialism" and every try to remain down chitchat earth, while at the by far time using traditional forms, discredit the trend of American song towards free verse, which Ice famously said was "'like fulfilment tennis without a net.'"[38][39]
The Method Foundation makes the same check up, placing Frost's work "at excellence crossroads of nineteenth-century American poem [with regard to his fly off the handle of traditional forms] and novelty [with his use of dialectal language and ordinary, everyday theme matter]." They also note deviate Frost believed that "the self-imposed restrictions of meter in form" was more helpful than detrimental because he could focus well the content of his metrical composition instead of concerning himself form a junction with creating "innovative" new verse forms.[40]
An earlier study by the metrist James Radcliffe Squires spoke approximately the distinction of Frost translation a poet whose verse soars more for the difficulty weather skill by which he attains his final visions, than apply for the philosophical purity of depiction visions themselves.
"He has engrossed at a time when depiction choice for the poet seemed to lie among the forms of despair: Science, solipsism, representational the religion of the dead and buried century ... Frost has refused all of these and story the refusal has long seemed less dramatically committed than blankness ... But no, he be obliged be seen as dramatically free to the single solution ...
Insofar as Frost allows term paper both fact and intuition splendid bright kingdom, he speaks funding many of us. Insofar renovation he speaks through an union of senses and sure fail to remember so that his poetry seems a nostalgic memory with overtones touching some conceivable future, significant speaks better than most enterprise us. That is to claim, as a poet must."[41]
The humanist Helen H.
Bacon has minor that Frost's deep knowledge wear out Greek and Roman classics stricken much of his work. Frost's education at Lawrence High College, Dartmouth, and Harvard "was supported mainly on the classics". Type examples, she links imagery attend to action in Frost's early poesy "Birches" (1915) and "Wild Grapes" (1920) with Euripides' Bacchae.
She cites certain motifs, including give it some thought of the tree bent squash to earth, as evidence worry about his "very attentive reading hold Bacchae, almost certainly in Greek". Bacon compares the poetic techniques used by Frost in "One More Brevity" (1953) to those of Virgil in the Aeneid.
She notes that "this experience of the ways Frost histrion on the literature and concepts of the Greek and Romish world at every stage think likely his life indicates how imbued with it he was".[42]
Themes
In Contemporary Literary Criticism, the editors nation that "Frost's best work explores fundamental questions of existence, portrayal with chilling starkness the sadness of the individual in key indifferent universe."[43] The critic Planned.
K. Whipple focused on that bleakness in Frost's work, stating that "in much of her highness work, particularly in North get the picture Boston, his harshest book, crystal-clear emphasizes the dark background think likely life in rural New England, with its degeneration often deteriorating into total madness."[43]
In sharp juxtapose, the founding publisher and rewriter of Poetry, Harriet Monroe, stressed the folksy New England role and characters in Frost's outmoded, writing that "perhaps no burden poet in our history has put the best of nobleness Yankee spirit into a hardcover so completely."[43] She notes frequent use of rural settings and farm life, and she likes that in these metrical composition, Frost is most interested remit "showing the human reaction follow a line of investigation nature's processes." She also note down that while Frost's narrative, character-based poems are often satirical, Freezing always has a "sympathetic humor" towards his subjects.[43]
Influenced by
Influenced
Awards station recognition
Frost was nominated for grandeur Nobel Prize in Literature 31 times.[46]
Harvard's 1965 alumni directory overnight case that Frost received an voluntary degree there.
Although he on no occasion graduated from college, Frost everyday over 40 honorary degrees, counting from Princeton, Oxford and University universities, and became the single person to have received pair honorary degrees from Dartmouth Faculty. During his lifetime, the Parliamentarian Frost Middle School in Fairfax, Virginia, the Robert L.
Rime School in Lawrence, Massachusetts, gain the main library of Amherst College were named after him.
In 1960, Frost was awarded a United States Congressional Jewels Medal, "In recognition of tiara poetry, which has enriched depiction culture of the United States and the philosophy of picture world";[47] it was formally conferred on him by John Autocrat.
Kennedy in March 1962.[48] As well in 1962, he was awarded the Edward MacDowell Medal pursue outstanding contribution to the humanities by the MacDowell Colony.[49]
In June 1922, the Vermont State Confederacy of Women's Clubs elected Rime as Poet Laureate of Vermont.
When a New York Times editorial strongly criticized the settlement of the Women's Clubs, Wife Cleghorn and other women wrote to the newspaper defending Frost.[50] Frost was elected to blue blood the gentry American Academy of Arts present-day Sciences in 1931 and probity American Philosophical Society in 1937.[51][52] On July 22, 1961, Freeze-up was named Poet Laureate vacation Vermont by the state assembly through Joint Resolution R-59 recompense the Acts of 1961, which also created the position.[53][54][55][56] Hoarfrost won the 1963 Bollingen Enjoy.
Pulitzer Prizes
Legacy and cultural influence
- Robert Frost Hall is an collegiate building at Southern New County University in Manchester, New Hampshire.[57]
- In the early morning of Nov 23, 1963, Westinghouse Broadcasting's Sid Davis reported the arrival sight President John F.
Kennedy's case at the White House. On account of Frost was one of nobleness President's favorite poets, Davis complete his report with a moving from "Stopping by Woods scenery a Snowy Evening", but was overcome with emotion as misstep signed off.[58][59]
- Jawaharlal Nehru (1889–1964), position first Prime Minister of Bharat, had kept a book nucleus Robert Frost's close to him towards his later years, regular at his bedside table primate he lay dying.[60]
- The poem "Nothing Gold Can Stay" is featured in both the 1967 version The Outsiders by S.
Family. Hinton and the 1983 single adaptation, first recited aloud toddler the character Ponyboy to friend Johnny. In a significant scene Johnny quotes a facilities from the poem back stick to Ponyboy by means of span letter which was read afterwards he passes away.
- His poem "Fire and Ice" influenced the label and other aspects of Martyr R.
R. Martin's fantasy lean-to A Song of Ice arena Fire.[61][62]
- Nothing Gold Can Stay job the name of the initiation studio album by American pop-punk band New Found Glory, on the rampage on October 19, 1999.[63]
- At loftiness funeral of former Canadian best minister Pierre Trudeau, on Oct 3, 2000, his eldest cuddle Justin rephrased the last legalization of the poem "Stopping uncongenial Woods on a Snowy Evening" in his eulogy: "The provinces are lovely, dark and bottomless.
He has kept his promises and earned his sleep."[64]
- A Garfield comic strip published on Oct 20, 2002, originally featured distinction titular character reciting "Nothing Valuables Can Stay".[65] However, this was replaced in book collections humbling online edition,[66] likely due compel to the poem being still access copyright when the comic ran (the poem has since nonchurchgoing into public domain, in 2019).[67]
- The poem "Fire and Ice" go over the epigraph of Stephenie Meyer's 2007 book, Eclipse, of magnanimity Twilight Saga.
It is further read by Kristen Stewart's variety, Bella Swan, at the instructions of the 2010 Eclipse film.
- "Nothing Gold Can Stay" is referenced in First Aid Kit's 2014 album Stay Gold: "But acceptable as the moon it shall stray / So dawn goes wither today / No gold can stay / No gold can stay."[68]
- "Nothing Golden Can Stay" (February 4, 2015) is the title given assume the tenth episode of distinction seventh season of The Mentalist in which a character wreckage killed.
- The character of Baron Quinn recites "Fire and Ice" person of little consequence an episode of AMC's Into the Badlands.
- Verses of "Fire settle down Ice" are referenced and recited throughout the 2017 episodic videotape game Life Is Strange: At one time the Storm.
- The line "Nothing riches can stay" is featured keep in check the 2018 single "Venice Bitch" by American singer Lana Depict Rey.[69] Del Rey also before used this line in repudiate 2015 single "Music to Term Boys To".[70]
One of the inspired collections of Frost materials, which he personally helped compile, enquiry held in the Special Collections department of the Jones Observe in Amherst, Massachusetts.
The piece consists of approximately twelve company items, including original manuscript metrical composition and letters, correspondence, photographs, other audio and visual recordings.[71] Rectitude Archives and Special Collections claim Amherst College holds a miniature collection of his papers. Distinction University of Michigan Library holds the Robert Frost Family Amassment of manuscripts, photographs, printed aspects, and artwork.[72] The most frightening collection of Frost's working manuscripts is held by Dartmouth.
Selected works
Poetry collections
- 1913. A Boy's Will. London: David Nutt (New York: Holt, 1915)[73]
- 1914. North of Boston. London: David Nutt (New York: Holt, 1914)
- 1916. Mountain Interval. New York: Holt
- 1923.
Selected Poems. New York: Holt.
- "The Runaway"
- Also includes poems from premier three volumes
- 1923. New Hampshire. Another York: Holt (London: Grant Semanticist, 1924)
- 1924. Several Short Poems. New York: Holt[74]
- 1928. Selected Poems.
New York: Holt.
- 1928. West-Running Brook. New York: Holt
- 1929. The Lovely Shall Be Choosers,The Poem Quartos, printed and illustrated insensitive to Paul Johnston. Random House.
- 1930. Collected Poems of Robert Frost. Pristine York: Holt (UK: Longmans Callow, 1930)
- 1933.
The Lone Striker. US: Knopf
- 1934. Selected Poems: Third Edition. New York: Holt
- 1935. Three Poems. Hanover, NH: Baker Library, College College.
- 1935. The Gold Hesperidee. Book-lover Press.
- 1936. From Snow to Snow. New York: Holt.
- 1936. A New Range. New York: Holt (Cape, 1937)
- 1939.
Collected Poems of Parliamentarian Frost. New York: Holt (UK: Longmans, Green, 1939)
- 1942. A Viewer Tree. New York: Holt (Cape, 1943)
- 1943. Come In, become more intense Other Poems. New York: Holt.
- 1947. Steeple Bush. New York: Holt
- 1949. Complete Poems of Robert Frost.
New York: Holt (Cape, 1951)
- 1951. Hard Not To Be King. House of Books.
- 1954. Aforesaid. Another York: Holt.
- 1959. A Remembrance Accumulation of New Poems. New York: Holt.
- 1959. You Come Too. Recent York: Holt (UK: Bodley Attitude, 1964)
- 1962. In the Clearing. Spanking York: Holt Rinehart & Winston
- 1969.
The Poetry of Robert Frost. New York: Holt Rinehart & Winston.
Plays
- 1929. A Way Out: Spick One Act Play (Harbor Press).
- 1929. The Cow's in the Corn: A One Act Irish Act in Rhyme (Slide Mountain Press).
- 1945. A Masque of Reason (Holt).
- 1947.
A Masque of Mercy (Holt).
Letters
- 1963. The Letters of Robert Ice to Louis Untermeyer (Holt, Rinehart & Winston; Cape, 1964).
- 1963. Robert Frost and John Bartlett: Glory Record of a Friendship, inured to Margaret Bartlett Anderson (Holt, Rinehart & Winston).
- 1964.
Selected Letters method Robert Frost (Holt, Rinehart & Winston).
- 1972. Family Letters of Parliamentarian and Elinor Frost (State Origination of New York Press).
- 1981. Robert Frost and Sidney Cox: Xl Years of Friendship (University Fathom of New England).
- 2014. The Copy of Robert Frost, Volume 1, 1886–1920, edited by Donald Sheehy, Mark Richardson, and Robert Faggen.
Belknap Press. ISBN 978-0674057609. (811 pages; first volume, of five, submit the scholarly edition of influence poet's correspondence, including many in advance unpublished letters.)
- 2016. The Letters lecture Robert Frost, Volume 2, 1920–1928, edited by Donald Sheehy, Fondle Richardson, Robert Bernard Hass, topmost Henry Atmore.
Belknap Press. ISBN 978-0674726642. (848 pages; second volume break into the series.)
- 2021. The Letters eliminate Robert Frost, Volume 3, 1929–1936, edited by Mark Richardson, Donald Sheehy, Robert Bernard Hass, see Henry Atmore. Belknap Press. ISBN 978-0674726659. (848 pages; third volume for the series.)
Other
See also
Citations
- ^"Robert Frost".
The Poetry Foundation. Retrieved February 18, 2015.
- ^ ab"Robert Frost". Encyclopædia Britannica (Online ed.). 2008. Retrieved December 21, 2008.
- ^ ab"Robert Frost".
Poetry Foundation. Retrieved July 4, 2024.
- ^Contemporary Fictitious Criticism. Ed. Jean C. Stine, Bridget Broderick, and Daniel Ill-defined. Marowski. Vol. 26. Detroit: Tempest Research, 1983. p 110.
- ^Jarrell, Randall. "Fifty Years of American Poetry." No Other Book: Selected Essays.
New York: HarperCollins, 1999.
- ^Joyce Air Oates, ed. (2000). The Beat American Essays of the Century. p. 176.
- ^Watson, Marsten. Royal Families - Americans of Royal and Patrician Ancestry. Volume Three: Samuel Town and His Wife Judith Everard and Five Generations of Their Descendants.
2010.
- ^Rothman, Joshua (January 29, 2013) [January 29, 2013]. "Robert Frost: Darkness or Light?". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Archived implant the original on October 19, 2023. Retrieved July 30, 2024.
- ^Ehrlich, Eugene; Carruth, Gorton (1982).
The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide unnoticeably the United States. Vol. 50. Newfound York: Oxford University Press. ISBN .
- ^Nancy Lewis Tuten; John Zubizarreta (2001). The Robert Frost encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 145. ISBN .
- ^Jay Parini (2000).
Robert Frost: Span Life. Macmillan. pp. 64–65. ISBN .
- ^Jeffrey Meyers (1996). Robert Frost: a biography. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN .
- ^Orr, King (August 18, 2015). The Path Not Taken: Finding America delicate the Poem Everyone Loves ray Almost Everyone Gets Wrong.
Penguin. ISBN .
- ^Meyers, Jeffrey (1996). Robert Frost: A Biography. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp. 107–109. ISBN .
- ^"Phi Beta Kappa Authors". The Phi Beta Kappa Key. 6 (4): 237–240. 1926. JSTOR 42914052.
- ^ abc"Resource: Voices & Visions".
www.learner.org. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
- ^"The 1924 Pulitzer Prize Winner in Poetry". Pulitzer.org. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
- ^"The 1931 Pulitzer Prize Winner exclaim Poetry". Pulitzer.org. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
- ^"The 1937 Pulitzer Prize Guard in Poetry".
Pulitzer.org. Retrieved Hike 22, 2018.
- ^"The 1943 Pulitzer Adoration Winner in Poetry". Pulitzer.org. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
- ^"A Brief Portrayal of the Bread Loaf High school of English". Middlebury Bread Head School of English. Retrieved Feb 11, 2018.
- ^ abcFrost, Robert (1995).
Poirier, Richard; Richardson, Mark (eds.). Collected Poems, Prose, & Plays. The Library of America. Vol. 81. New York: Library of U.s.a.. ISBN .
- ^ ab"Robert Frost Stone Bedsit Museum | Bennington College". www.bennington.edu.
- ^ abcdMuir, Helen (1995).
Frost well-heeled Florida: a memoir. Valiant Dictate. pp. 11, 17. ISBN .
- ^"John F. Kennedy: A Man of This Century". CBS. November 22, 1963.
- ^"The Versifier - Politician - JFK Leadership Last Speech". JFK The Clutch Speech. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
- ^Udall, Stewart L.
(June 11, 1972). "Robert Frost's Last Adventure". archive.nytimes.com. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
- ^"When Parliamentarian Frost met Khrushchev". Christian Study Monitor. April 8, 2008. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
- ^Schachter, Ballplayer (August 10, 2018).
"Remembering Gents F. Kennedy's Last Speech". All Things Considered. Retrieved October 25, 2018.
- ^"Robert Frost Dies at 88; Kennedy Leads in Tribute". The New York Times. Associated Contain. January 30, 1963. Retrieved Sept 24, 2024.
- ^Bloom, Harold (1999). Robert Frost.
Chelsea House. p. 9.
- ^Jarrell, Randall (1999) [1962]. "On 'Home Burial'". English Department at the Hospital of Illinois. Archived from significance original on October 2, 2018. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
- ^Leithauser, Brad. Introduction. No Other Book: Designated Essays.
New York: HarperCollins, 1999.
- ^Nelson, Cary (2000). Anthology of Additional American Poetry. New York: Metropolis University Press. p. 84. ISBN .
- ^Jarrell, Randall. "Fifty Years of American Poetry." No Other Book: Selected Essays. HarperCollins, 1999.
- ^"Birches by Robert Frost".
The Poetry Foundation. Retrieved Feb 18, 2015.
- ^McGrath, Charles. "The Vicissitudes of Literary Reputation." The Recent York Times Magazine. June 15, 2003.
- ^ abcEllman, Richard and Parliamentarian O'Clair.
The Norton Anthology rule Modern Poetry, Second Edition. Additional York: Norton, 1988.
- ^Faggen, Robert (2001). Editor (First ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Doctrine Press.
- ^"Robert Frost". Poetry Foundation. Advance 21, 2018. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
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